Millennials can't afford to be color-blind about race by Victor Luckerson

Magazine: Time
Date: July 20, 2015
Article: Millennials can't afford to be color-blind about race
Author: Victor Luckerson
Page: 25
U-$1.00-B-0.0048712312-BE-205

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Comments: This is a good opinion piece for middle school students to evaluate.


Answer Key
1. History books show racism as a problem that is eventually solved.
2. History books miss that change in racism rarely happens in an orderly fashion.
3. Racial progress is alwyas met with resistance.
4. The resistance looks passive, active, and violent.
5. Dylann Roof 21 years old.
6. Millennials like seeing themselves as progressive or postracial.
7. 91% of the people surveyed said they believed in racial equality.
8. 72% of the people surveyed said their generation believed in equality more than older Americans.
9. 37% of the people surveyed said they were raised in households that talked about race.
10. 20% of the people surveyed felt comfortable talking about biases against specific groups.
11. Young people take "not seeing race" as a badge of honor.
12. White households are 13 times richer than black households.
13. This is the largest gap in wealth since 1989.
14. A black person is 2 1/2 times more likely than a white person to be arrested for drug possession.
15. 2010 to 2014 NORC at the University of Chicago reported that 31% of white millennials rated blacks lazier than whites.
16. 32% of white Gen X millennials rated blacks lazier than whites.
17. 35% of Baby Boomers rated blacks lazier than whites.
18. 23% of white millennials rated blacks less intelligent than whites.
19. 19% of white Gen Xers rate blacks less intelligent than whites.
20. True, the majority of children under 5 years old in the U.S. are nonwhite.

Ronda Rousey by Sean Gregory

Magazine: Time
Date: July 20, 2015
Article: Ronda Rousey
Author: Sean Gregory
Page: 64
U-$1.00-B-0.0048712312-BE-205

Comments: interview with Ronda Rousey

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Answer Key
1. May's Sports Illustrated Magazine called Ronda Rousey, "the world's most dominant athlete."
2. Ronda Rousey was trained in judoka by her mother.
3. Ronda's mother won America's first ever judo world title in 1984.
4. Ronda won a bronze medal in judo at the 2008 Olympics.
5. Living in her car was Ronda's lowest point.
6. Being a MMA Fighter is harder for Ronda than acting.
7. Ronda has appeared in Entourage, Furious 7, and the Expendables 3.
8. A tablespoon of psyllium husks is the weirdest thing Ronda has ate while training for a fight.

Unit 3, Lesson 5: How did California's government change?

Unit 3, Lesson 5 How did California's government change? page 85


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Answer Key
1. In 1846 a small group of Americans start a revolt.
2. The revolt was "The Bear Flag Revolt."
3. In 1846 Mexico and the United States fought a war over their border.
4. The United States won the Mexican-American War.
5. In 1848 Mexico signed the Treaty of Guadalupe Hidalgo.
6. The territories of Mexico that became part of the U.S. with the signing of the Treaty of Guadalupe were California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona and part of New Mexico.
7. Bennett Riley became Military Governor of the California Territory.
8. 1849 was the year a meeting that was called to create a state constitution.
9. 48 delegates met in Monterey to write a constitution for California.
10. In 1850 California became the 31st state of the United States.
11. Peter H. Burnett was California's 1st governor.
12. In 1854 Sacramento became the state capital of California.

Unit 3, Lesson 4: How did women help California grow?

Unit 3, Lesson 4 How did women help California grow? page 81


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Answer Key
1. Yes, women traveling to California face the same challenges as men.
2. Women traveled west because their husbands wanted to mine for gold.
3. No, many women didn't mined for gold.
4. Yes, women ran boarding houses.
5. Bernarda Ruiz lived in Santa Barbara during a time when Mexico was at war with the United States.
6. Bernarda Ruiz arranged a peaace meeting between leaders from the U.S. and Mexico.
7. Helen Hunt Jackson thought the treatment of American Indians was unfair.
8. Helen Hunt Jackson wrote a popular novel in 1884.
9. Mary Tape's daughter was not allowed to attend public school because she was Chinese American.
10. The Compromise of 1850 said that California would be a free state, which would not allow slavery.
11. Bridget "Biddy" Mason was born in 1818.
12. Bridget "Biddy" Mason's owner took her to California in 1851.
13. Free states had to obey fugitive slave laws.
14. The laws said that enslaved people who were fugitives must be captured and returned to their owners.
15. Biddy Mason lived in Los Angeles.
16. Biddy Mason became a nurse.
17. Biddy Mason became the first African American women in Los Angeles to own property.
18. Yes, Biddy Mason was known as "Auntie Mason" and "Grandma Mason."

Unit 3, Lesson 3: How did the discovery of gold affect California?

Unit 3, Lesson 3 How did the discovery of gold affect California? page 75

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Answer Key
1. James Marshall built a new sawmill for John Sutter.
2. The sawmill was located in Coloma, California.
3. The sawmill was next to the American River.
4. The purpose of the sawmill was to provide lumber for Sutter's Fort.
5. Sam Brannan sold gold-mining tools.
6. The California Gold Rush of 1849 was many newcomers coming to the state of California searching for gold.
7. The name of the new settlers was "Forty-Niners."
8. The names of the boomtowns that were created by the Gold Rush of 1849 were San Francisco, Stockton, and Sacramento.
9. Louise Clapp used the name "Dame Shirley" to describe life in the mining towns and camps.
10. True, life as a miner was hard.
11. Land claims was the name of the document that gave miners the right to mine an area of land.
12. Pyrite is the name of fool's gold.
13. Most of the gold in California was in the Mother Lode.
14. A lode is a supply or deposit.
15. The Mother Lode was located in the Sierra Nevada Mountains.
16. Levi Strauss was the name of the entrepreneur that made jeans.
17. John Sutter was the name of the entrepreneur that didn't make money off the Gold Rush.
18. Mariano Guadalupe Vallejo governed the area of California in 1840s.
19. Luzena Stanley Wilson owned the El Dorado Hotel in Nevada City, Nevada.

Unit 3, Lesson 2: How and why did people travel to California?

Unit 3, Lesson 2 How and why did people travel to California? page 71


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Answer Key
1. The trip around Cape Horn from the east coast to the west coast took up to 8 months to complete and was about 17,000 miles.
2. The Isthmus of Panama is a narrow strip of land between the Pacific and Atlantic Ocean.
3. A trip from the state of Missouri to California takes 3-6 months.
4. Horse-drawn wagon from Missouri to California people had to cross rivers, mountains, and deserts.
5. 1775 Pio Pico family arrived in California.
6. Juan Bautista de Anza was the name of the group that the Pio Pico family travel with.
7. The last Mexican Governor of California was Pio Pico.
8. Jedediah Smith was the name of the first person that led the first group through Utah and the Mojave Desert.
9. 1841 was the year the first wagon train of settlers arrived in California.
10. John Bidwell was the name of the person who arrived in the first wagon train from Independence, Missouri.
11. John C. Fremont made maps for the U.S. Government in the early 1840s.
12. James Beckwourth led settlers west during the 1850s.
13. California Trail, Old Spanish Trail, and Santa Fe Trail that were famous trails leading west from Missouri in the 1850s.

Unit 3, Lesson 1: Where were California's settlements?

Unit 3, Lesson 1 Where were California's settlements? page 67

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Answer Key

1. Ivan Kuskov was a fur trader.
2. Ivan Kuskov led a group of Russian and native Alaskan fur trappers.
3. The Russian and Alaskan fur trappers came to Northern California to hunt sea otters.
4. Fort Ross was a trading post built in Northern California.
5. The sea otters were eliminated from the area due to the trappers.
6. The trappers were unsuccessful to farm around Fort Ross.
7. Mexico wins independence from Spain in 1821.
8. The fur trappers arrived to Northern California 9 years before Mexico wins independence from Spain.
9. The California Missions became Mexican settlements.
10. The California Missions were good locations to live, farm and trade because of their locations.
11. San Diego, Santa Barbara, and San Francisco were three cities that grew from Missions.
12. John Sutter built Sutter's Fort.
13. Sutter's Fort was built in 1841.
14. Junipero Serra established the first mission in California in 1769.
15. A mission and fort was built in San Francisco in 1776.
16. The U.S. got it's independence from England in 1776.

Unit 2, Lesson 8: How did Mexican rule affect California?

Unit 2, Lesson 8 How did Mexican rule affect California? page 61

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Answer Key
1. Mexico won its independence from Spain.
2. Jose Figueroa is the Governor of California.
3. Governor Jose Figueroa ordered that California missions be turned into Mexican settlements.
4. The Spanish priests and presidio soldiers lost power and control with the order of 1834.
5. Mexican settlers in California received land grants between 1821-1848.
6. The Mexican Government gave out the land grants.
7. Wealthy Californios or Spanish Mexican settlers with government connections received land grants.
8. The main reason that land grants were given to the wealthy is so the government can collect taxes.
9. Livestock and crops were an important part of the California economy.
10. The California Rancho replaced the missions as the center of government.
11. The rancho became powerful under Mexican rule.
12. The rancho owner were the rulers of the area under Mexican rule.
13. No, the California Indians didn't have money and land under the California Missions rule.
14. No, the California Indians didn't have money and land under the Rancho rule.
15. No, there wasn't a change for the California Indians regarding land and money under either rule.

Unit 2, Lesson 7: How did the Mexican War for Independence Affect California

Unit 2, Lesson 7 How did the Mexican War for Independence affect California? page 57

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Answer Key
1. Many Mexicans in Alta California wanted to be free from Spain.
2. The two reasons for people wanting independence was 1) one group wanted everyone to be treated fairly and equally.  The second reason was that they also wanted to take land away from wealthy landowners.
3. The landowners believed that if Spain became more democratic they would have to share their land and power.
4. The landowners helped pay for an army to fight against Spain.
5. Mexico won its independence from Spain in 1821.
6. The present day states that were included in Mexico's territory was Texas, California, Nevada, Utah, Arizona, and New Mexico.
7. Mexico's fight towards independence began on September 16, 1810.
8. Mexico's fight for independence ended on August 24, 1821.
9. In 1810, Father Hidalgo called an end to Spain's rule of Mexico.